“In his comprehensive and magisterial account, Bycroft offers a powerful argument that gems were at the heart of the development of modern science. Gems and the New Science persuasively shows how precious stones spurred the comparative analysis and evaluative judgment of materials, facilitating the cooperation of different artisanal communities of expertise in the process. Revising current interpretations of materialism, this incisive book offers a bold and ingenious theoretical intervention into debates about the production and evaluation of knowledge claims in the Scientific Revolution.”

Dániel Margócsy, author of “Commercial Visions: Science, Trade, and Visual Culture in the Dutch Golden Age”

“Gems—sparking, brilliant, and colorful—were central to the early modern world. Training his eye on gem cutters, merchants, chemists, and experimental philosophers, Bycroft shows how their hands and minds interacted to shape the science of gems in Europe between 1500 and 1800. As brilliant and multifaceted as the gems, Bycroft’s book uses the category of gems to show that science is always as much about evaluation as it is about production and that science remains only one way of judging value among many.”

Sven Dupré, coeditor of “Gems in the Early Modern World: Materials, Knowledge, and Global Trade, 1450–1800”

“Gems and the New Science is an indispensable companion for anyone looking to understand the historical development of the science of gemstones between the European Renaissance and the early nineteenth century. Bycroft has written a book that is meticulously researched, erudite, and unpredictable in the best of ways. The introduction of original concepts such as transmaterialism and the centrality given to material evaluation offer potential for future research that attempts to look at histories of science in relationship to physical objects. Gems and the New Science is an ambitious work that not only offers a better understanding of how gemstones have been understood historically by scientists, jewelers, and cutters, but also manages to convince the reader of the important role played by this process of understanding in the development of European, post-Aristotelean science.”

Tijl Vanneste, author of “Blood, Sweat and Earth: The Struggle for Control over the World’s Diamonds Throughout History”